The hardware architecture and connection principle of in-vehicle display screens is based on the fact that displays are basically divided into LCD and OLED screens for data transmission, allowing the display to perform its functions. Although their light-emitting principles differ, they share certain structural similarities.
Before discussing the screen's structure, it's essential to understand light. Light is an electromagnetic wave that vibrates perpendicularly along its straight-line propagation direction, vibrating in a randomly and uniformly distributed direction on its vibration plane.
If the vibration direction of a light wave is fixed, such light is called linearly polarized light, and the vibration direction is called the polarization direction. The positive polarization direction forms a positive polarization with the light wave's propagation direction. Liquid crystal displays (LCDs) achieve their display effect by controlling the polarization state of light after it passes through a liquid crystal cell, thereby controlling the transmitted light and its state.
LCD Panel Composition: An LCD screen consists of two parts: the liquid crystal panel and the backlight. The liquid crystal panel (liquid crystal cell) includes a polarizer, a glass substrate, a color filter, electrodes, liquid crystal, and an alignment layer. The backlight module consists of a cold cathode fluorescent lamp (CCFL), a light guide plate (waveguide), a diffuser plate, and a prism sheet. Its function is to uniformly transmit light to the LCD panel.
A polarizer, also known as a polarizing film, is essential for LCD imaging. All LCDs have two polarizers, one front and one back, attached to the liquid crystal glass, forming a liquid crystal sheet with a total thickness of approximately 1mm. The polarizers in an LCD screen are divided into an upper polarizer and a lower polarizer, which are perpendicular to each other. Their function is like a fence, blocking light waves perpendicular to the fence and allowing only light waves parallel to the fence to pass through.
